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Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware
Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware
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Article
Effect of haptic feedback on a virtual lab about friction
DOI：10.1016/j.vrih.2019.07.001
2019, 1(4) : 428-434
Background
With the increase in recent years of the utilization of multimedia devices in education, new haptic devices for education have been gradually adopted and developed. As compared with visual and auditory channels, the development of applications with a haptic channel is still in the initial stages. For example, it is unclear how force feedback influences an instructional effect of an educational application and the subjective feeling of users.
Methods
In this study, we designed an educational application with a haptic device (Haply) to explore the effects of force feedback on self-learning. Subjects in an experiment group used a designed application to study friction by themselves using force feedback, whereas subjects in a control group studied the same knowledge without force feedback. A post-test and questionnaire were designed to assess the learning outcomes.
Results/Conclusions
The experimental result indicates that force feedback is beneficial to an educational application, and using a haptic device can improve the effect of the application and motivate students.
Review
Review of studies on target acquisition in virtual reality based on the crossing paradigm
DOI：10.3724/SP.J.2096-5796.2019.0006
2019, 1(3) : 251-264
Crossing is a fundamental paradigm for target selection in human-computer interaction systems. This paradigm was first introduced to virtual reality (VR) interactions by Tu et al., who investigated its performance in comparison to pointing, and concluded that crossing is generally no less effective than pointing and has unique advantages. However, owing to the characteristics of VR interactions, there are still many factors to consider when applying crossing to a VR environment. Thus, this review summarizes the main techniques for object selection in VR and crossing-related studies. Then, factors that may affect crossing interactions are analyzed from the perspectives of the input space and visual space. The aim of this study is to provide a reference for future studies on target selection based on the crossing paradigm in virtual reality.
Article
Haptic interface using tendon electrical stimulation with consideration of multimodal presentation
DOI：10.3724/SP.J.2096-5796.2019.0011
2019, 1(2) : 163-175
Background
Our previous studies have shown that electrical stimulation from the skin surface to the tendon region (Tendon Electrical Stimulation: TES) can elicit a force sensation, and adjusting the current parameters can control the amount of the sensation. TES is thought to present a proprioceptive force sensation by stimulating receptors or sensory nerves responsible for recognizing the magnitude of the muscle contraction existing inside the tendon, so it can be a proprioceptive module of a small-size, low-cost force feedback device. But there is also suspect that TES presents only strong, noisy skin sensation. From previous study, it was found that TES has some limitation on varying sensations.
Methods
In this study, in addition to characterizing the proprioceptive sensation induced by TES, we constructed a multimodal presentation system reproducing a situation in which force is applied to the hand was offered, so as to investigate whether TES contributed to the reproduction of haptics cooperating with other modalities, rather than disturbing them. Specifically, we used vibration to present a cutaneous sensation and a visual head mounted display (HMD) system to present simultaneous images. Using this system, we also evaluated the efficacy of TES itself and that of the multimodal system involving TES.
Results
We found that TES, along with visual and vibration stimulation, contributed to the perception of a certain force.
Conclusions
Thus, TES appears to be an effective component of multimodal force sense presentation systems.
